Sovereign Syntax: How Poland Built Its Own LLM Empire
A citizen-facing AI assistant is where the PLLuM story becomes interesting. Not because a chatbot in a government app is a dazzling concept. It is not. Most public-sector chatbots have the charisma of a PDF with a search bar and the legal confidence of a nervous intern. The interesting part is what Poland had to build before such an assistant could be considered remotely serious: a rights-managed national corpus, Polish-native instruction data, preference alignment, safety filters, RAG evaluation, retrieval tooling, and a family of public models with different licence regimes. ...