Anomaly Detection

Opening — Why this matters now Ride-hailing fraud is no longer a fringe operational headache. It is a structural problem amplified by scale, incentives, and post-pandemic digitization. As platforms expanded, so did adversarial behavior: GPS spoofing, collusive rides, route inflation, and off-platform hire conversions quietly eroded trust and margins. Traditional fraud detection systems—feature-heavy, transaction-centric, and largely static—have struggled to keep up. The paper under review argues that the problem is not merely more fraud, but more relational fraud. And relational problems demand relational models. ...

In the high-stakes world of smart grids, digital substations have become both operational nerve centers and prime targets for cyberattacks. IEC61850-based communication, particularly GOOSE multicast messages, enables faster coordination but also introduces new vulnerabilities — especially for unmanned substations that rely heavily on remote access. Traditional anomaly detection systems (ADSs), while effective in standard IT contexts, falter here: they require continual retraining for each new threat and often struggle with scarce, imbalanced datasets. ...